How to quantify exposure to traumatic stress? : Reliability and predictive validity of measures for cumulative trauma exposure in a post-conflict population

Wilker, Sarah; Pfeiffer, Anett; Kolassa, Stephan; Koslowski, Daniela; Elbert, Thomas; Kolassa, Iris-Tatjana

How to quantify exposure to traumatic stress? : Reliability and predictive validity of measures for cumulative trauma exposure in a post-conflict population

Dateien

Wilker_0-312842.pdfGröße: 745.64 KBDownloads: 342

Datum

2015

Autor:innen

Wilker, Sarah

Pfeiffer, Anett

Kolassa, Stephan

Koslowski, Daniela

Elbert, Thomas

Kolassa, Iris-Tatjana

Open Access-Veröffentlichung

Open Access Gold

Sammlungen

Psychologie

Publikationstyp

Zeitschriftenartikel

Publikationsstatus

Published

Erschienen in

European journal of psychotraumatology. 2015, 6, 28306. ISSN 2000-8198. eISSN 2000-8066. Available under: doi: 10.3402/ejpt.v6.28306

Zusammenfassung

Background: While studies with survivors of single traumatic experiences highlight individual response variation following trauma, research from conflict regions shows that almost everyone develops posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) if trauma exposure reaches extreme levels. Therefore, evaluating the effects of cumulative trauma exposure is of utmost importance in studies investigating risk factors for PTSD. Yet, little research has been devoted to evaluate how this important environmental risk factor can be best quantified.

Methods: We investigated the retest reliability and predictive validity of different trauma measures in a sample of 227 Ugandan rebel war survivors. Trauma exposure was modeled as the number of traumatic event types experienced or as a score considering traumatic event frequencies. In addition, we investigated whether age at trauma exposure can be reliably measured and improves PTSD risk prediction.

Results: All trauma measures showed good reliability. While prediction of lifetime PTSD was most accurate from the number of different traumatic event types experienced, inclusion of event frequencies slightly improved the prediction of current PTSD.

Conclusions: As assessing the number of traumatic events experienced is the least stressful and time-consuming assessment and leads to the best prediction of lifetime PTSD, we recommend this measure for research on PTSD etiology.

Fachgebiet (DDC)

150 Psychologie

Schlagwörter

Cumulative trauma exposure, event list, reliability, predictive validity, posttraumatic stress disorder

Zitieren

ISO 690

WILKER, Sarah, Anett PFEIFFER, Stephan KOLASSA, Daniela KOSLOWSKI, Thomas ELBERT, Iris-Tatjana KOLASSA, 2015. How to quantify exposure to traumatic stress? : Reliability and predictive validity of measures for cumulative trauma exposure in a post-conflict population. In: European journal of psychotraumatology. 2015, 6, 28306. ISSN 2000-8198. eISSN 2000-8066. Available under: doi: 10.3402/ejpt.v6.28306

BibTex

@article{Wilker2015quant-33343,
  year={2015},
  doi={10.3402/ejpt.v6.28306},
  title={How to quantify exposure to traumatic stress? : Reliability and predictive validity of measures for cumulative trauma exposure in a post-conflict population},
  volume={6},
  issn={2000-8198},
  journal={European journal of psychotraumatology},
  author={Wilker, Sarah and Pfeiffer, Anett and Kolassa, Stephan and Koslowski, Daniela and Elbert, Thomas and Kolassa, Iris-Tatjana},
  note={Article Number: 28306}
}

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