Partial Altitudinal Migration of a Himalayan Forest Pheasant

Norbu, Nawang; Wikelski, Martin; Wilcove, David S.; Partecke, Jesko; Ugyen; Tenzin, Ugyen; Sherub; Tempa, Tshering

Partial Altitudinal Migration of a Himalayan Forest Pheasant

Dateien

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Datum

2013

Autor:innen

Norbu, Nawang

Wikelski, Martin

Wilcove, David S.

Partecke, Jesko

Ugyen

Tenzin, Ugyen

Sherub

Tempa, Tshering

Open Access-Veröffentlichung

Open Access Gold

Sammlungen

Biologie

Publikationstyp

Zeitschriftenartikel

Publikationsstatus

Published

Erschienen in

PLoS one. 2013, 8(4), e60979. eISSN 1932-6203. Available under: doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060979

Zusammenfassung

Background
Altitudinal migration systems are poorly understood. Recent advances in animal telemetry which enables tracking of migrants across their annual cycles will help illustrate unknown migration patterns and test existing hypotheses. Using telemetry, we show the existence of a complex partial altitudinal migration system in the Himalayas and discuss our findings to help better understand partial and altitudinal migration.

Methodology/Principal Findings
We used GPS/accelerometer tags to monitor the migration of Satyr tragopan (Tragopan satyra) in the Bhutan Himalayas. We tagged 38 birds from 2009 – 2011 and found that tragopans are partially migratory. Fall migration lasted from the 3^rd week of September till the 3^rd week of November with migrants traveling distances ranging from 1.25 km to 13.5 km over 1 to 32 days. Snowfall did not influence the onset of migration. Return migration started by the 1^st week of March and lasted until the 1^st week of April. Individuals returned within 4 to 10 days and displayed site fidelity. One bird switched from being a migrant to a non-migrant. Tragopans displayed three main migration patterns: 1) crossing multiple mountains; 2) descending/ascending longitudinally; 3) moving higher up in winter and lower down in summer. More females migrated than males; but, within males, body size was not a factor for predicting migrants.

Conclusions/Significance
Our observations of migrants traversing over multiple mountain ridges and even of others climbing to higher elevations is novel. We support the need for existing hypotheses to consider how best to explain inter- as well as intra-sexual differences. Most importantly, having shown that the patterns of an altitudinal migration system are complex and not a simple up and down slope movement, we hope our findings will influence the way altitudinal migrations are perceived and thereby contribute to a better understanding of how species may respond to climate change.

Fachgebiet (DDC)

570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

Zitieren

ISO 690

NORBU, Nawang, Martin WIKELSKI, David S. WILCOVE, Jesko PARTECKE, UGYEN, Ugyen TENZIN, SHERUB, Tshering TEMPA, 2013. Partial Altitudinal Migration of a Himalayan Forest Pheasant. In: PLoS one. 2013, 8(4), e60979. eISSN 1932-6203. Available under: doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060979

BibTex

@article{Norbu2013Parti-42242,
  year={2013},
  doi={10.1371/journal.pone.0060979},
  title={Partial Altitudinal Migration of a Himalayan Forest Pheasant},
  number={4},
  volume={8},
  journal={PLoS one},
  author={Norbu, Nawang and Wikelski, Martin and Wilcove, David S. and Partecke, Jesko and Ugyen and Tenzin, Ugyen and Sherub and Tempa, Tshering},
  note={Article Number: e60979}
}

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Universitätsbibliographie

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