Faced with one's fear : Attentional bias in anorexia nervosa and healthy individuals upon confrontation with an obese body stimulus in an eye-tracking paradigm

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2020
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Borgers, Tiana
Thomas, Jennifer Joanne
Giabbiconi, Claire-Marie
Vocks, Silja
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Brain and Behavior. Wiley Open Access. 2020, 10(11), e01834. eISSN 2162-3279. Available under: doi: 10.1002/brb3.1834
Zusammenfassung

Objectives
Cognitive biases, particularly attentional biases, have been shown to be central to anorexia nervosa (AN). This study looked at attention deployment when consecutively viewing an obese and own body stimulus that both might represent feared stimuli in AN.

Methods
Individuals with AN (n = 26) and mentally healthy controls (MHCs; n = 16) viewed a picture of themselves and a standardized computer-generated obese body in random order for 4,000 ms each and then rated the attractiveness of the body parts of both stimuli. We compared dwell times on subjectively unattractive versus attractive body parts, and body parts that show weight status and gain most strongly (stomach, hips, thighs) versus least strongly.

Results
For both stimuli, participants focused longer on the subjectively unattractive body parts (p < .01 and .001), with an even stronger attentional bias in individuals with AN regarding the obese stimulus (p < .05). Both groups also gazed longer at body parts indicative of weight status or gain (both stimuli p < .001), with no group differences.

Conclusions
The attentional bias to one's own subjectively unattractive body parts might represent a mechanism maintaining body image disturbance in women in general. This attentional bias is even stronger when women with AN are confronted with an obese stimulus, highlighting a potential mental preoccupation with being fat or weight gain and a behavior distinct for the disorder.

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ISO 690HARTMANN, Andrea S., Tiana BORGERS, Jennifer Joanne THOMAS, Claire-Marie GIABBICONI, Silja VOCKS, 2020. Faced with one's fear : Attentional bias in anorexia nervosa and healthy individuals upon confrontation with an obese body stimulus in an eye-tracking paradigm. In: Brain and Behavior. Wiley Open Access. 2020, 10(11), e01834. eISSN 2162-3279. Available under: doi: 10.1002/brb3.1834
BibTex
@article{Hartmann2020Faced-55264,
  year={2020},
  doi={10.1002/brb3.1834},
  title={Faced with one's fear : Attentional bias in anorexia nervosa and healthy individuals upon confrontation with an obese body stimulus in an eye-tracking paradigm},
  number={11},
  volume={10},
  journal={Brain and Behavior},
  author={Hartmann, Andrea S. and Borgers, Tiana and Thomas, Jennifer Joanne and Giabbiconi, Claire-Marie and Vocks, Silja},
  note={Article Number: e01834}
}
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Objectives&lt;br /&gt;Cognitive biases, particularly attentional biases, have been shown to be central to anorexia nervosa (AN). This study looked at attention deployment when consecutively viewing an obese and own body stimulus that both might represent feared stimuli in AN.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Methods&lt;br /&gt;Individuals with AN (n = 26) and mentally healthy controls (MHCs; n = 16) viewed a picture of themselves and a standardized computer-generated obese body in random order for 4,000 ms each and then rated the attractiveness of the body parts of both stimuli. We compared dwell times on subjectively unattractive versus attractive body parts, and body parts that show weight status and gain most strongly (stomach, hips, thighs) versus least strongly.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Results&lt;br /&gt;For both stimuli, participants focused longer on the subjectively unattractive body parts (p &lt; .01 and .001), with an even stronger attentional bias in individuals with AN regarding the obese stimulus (p &lt; .05). Both groups also gazed longer at body parts indicative of weight status or gain (both stimuli p &lt; .001), with no group differences.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions&lt;br /&gt;The attentional bias to one's own subjectively unattractive body parts might represent a mechanism maintaining body image disturbance in women in general. This attentional bias is even stronger when women with AN are confronted with an obese stimulus, highlighting a potential mental preoccupation with being fat or weight gain and a behavior distinct for the disorder.</dcterms:abstract>
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