Working Memory Performance Under Stress : Do Women Profit From Cortisol Release, Whereas Men Don’t? : A Study on Healthy Older Adults

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2020
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Luers, Petra
Schloeffel, Malgorzata
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Experimental Psychology. Hogrefe & Huber. 2020, 67(2), pp. 132-139. ISSN 1618-3169. eISSN 2190-5142. Available under: doi: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000484
Zusammenfassung

Acute stress and chronic stress change the physiology and function of the individual. As one facet, stress and its neuroendocrine correlates - with glucocorticoids in particular - modulate memory in a concerted action. With respect to working memory, impairing effects of acute stress and increased levels of glucocorticoids could be expected, but empirical evidence on moderating effects of cortisol on working memory is ambiguous in human studies. In the current study, we thus aimed to investigate cortisol stress responses and memory performance. Older men and women (32 men, 43 women, aged 61-67 years) underwent the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and performed the 2-back task before and after exposure to acute stress. In line with theoretical assumptions, we found that higher cortisol stress responses led to a decline of working memory performance in men. However, the opposite was evident for women, who appeared to benefit from higher stress responses. This effect was evident for accuracy, but not for reaction time. In conclusion, cortisol might mediate working memory alterations with stress in a sex-specific manner in older people. Possible mechanisms and causes for these sex differences put a focus on endocrine changes in the aging population that might lead to differential effects across the lifespan.

Zusammenfassung in einer weiteren Sprache
Fachgebiet (DDC)
150 Psychologie
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working memory, stress, cortisol, sex-specific effects, TSST
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ISO 690LUERS, Petra, Malgorzata SCHLOEFFEL, Jens C. PRUESSNER, 2020. Working Memory Performance Under Stress : Do Women Profit From Cortisol Release, Whereas Men Don’t? : A Study on Healthy Older Adults. In: Experimental Psychology. Hogrefe & Huber. 2020, 67(2), pp. 132-139. ISSN 1618-3169. eISSN 2190-5142. Available under: doi: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000484
BibTex
@article{Luers2020-03Worki-50575,
  year={2020},
  doi={10.1027/1618-3169/a000484},
  title={Working Memory Performance Under Stress : Do Women Profit From Cortisol Release, Whereas Men Don’t? : A Study on Healthy Older Adults},
  number={2},
  volume={67},
  issn={1618-3169},
  journal={Experimental Psychology},
  pages={132--139},
  author={Luers, Petra and Schloeffel, Malgorzata and Pruessner, Jens C.}
}
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