Salivary nitrate/nitrite and acetaldehyde in humans : potential combination effects in the upper gastrointestinal tract and possible consequences for the in vivo formation of N-nitroso compounds-a hypothesis

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2022
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Eisenbrand, Gerhard
Baum, Matthias
Cartus, Alexander T
Diel, Patrick
Engel, Karl-Heinz
Engeli, Barbara
Epe, Bernd
Grune, Tilman
Steinberg, Pablo
et al.
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Archives of toxicology. Springer. 2022, 96(6), pp. 1905-1914. ISSN 0003-9446. eISSN 1432-0738. Available under: doi: 10.1007/s00204-022-03296-0
Zusammenfassung

Subsequent to the dietary uptake of nitrate/nitrite in combination with acetaldehyde/ethanol, combination effects resulting from the sustained endogenous exposure to nitrite and acetaldehyde may be expected. This may imply locoregional effects in the upper gastrointestinal tract as well as systemic effects, such as a potential influence on endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds (NOC). Salivary concentrations of the individual components nitrate and nitrite and acetaldehyde are known to rise after ingestion, absorption and systemic distribution, thereby reflecting their respective plasma kinetics and parallel secretion through the salivary glands as well as the microbial/enzymatic metabolism in the oral cavity. Salivary excretion may also occur with certain drug molecules and food constituents and their metabolites. Therefore, putative combination effects in the oral cavity and the upper digestive tract may occur, but this has remained largely unexplored up to now. In this Guest Editorial, published evidence on exposure levels and biokinetics of nitrate/nitrite/NOx, NOC and acetaldehyde in the organism is reviewed and knowledge gaps concerning combination effects are identified. Research is suggested to be initiated to study the related unresolved issues.

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Fachgebiet (DDC)
570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
Schlagwörter
Nitrate, Nitrite, Acetaldehyde, N-nitroso compounds, Upper gastrointestinal tract, Combination effects
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ISO 690EISENBRAND, Gerhard, Matthias BAUM, Alexander T CARTUS, Patrick DIEL, Karl-Heinz ENGEL, Barbara ENGELI, Bernd EPE, Tilman GRUNE, Marcel LEIST, Pablo STEINBERG, 2022. Salivary nitrate/nitrite and acetaldehyde in humans : potential combination effects in the upper gastrointestinal tract and possible consequences for the in vivo formation of N-nitroso compounds-a hypothesis. In: Archives of toxicology. Springer. 2022, 96(6), pp. 1905-1914. ISSN 0003-9446. eISSN 1432-0738. Available under: doi: 10.1007/s00204-022-03296-0
BibTex
@article{Eisenbrand2022Saliv-57444,
  year={2022},
  doi={10.1007/s00204-022-03296-0},
  title={Salivary nitrate/nitrite and acetaldehyde in humans : potential combination effects in the upper gastrointestinal tract and possible consequences for the in vivo formation of N-nitroso compounds-a hypothesis},
  number={6},
  volume={96},
  issn={0003-9446},
  journal={Archives of toxicology},
  pages={1905--1914},
  author={Eisenbrand, Gerhard and Baum, Matthias and Cartus, Alexander T and Diel, Patrick and Engel, Karl-Heinz and Engeli, Barbara and Epe, Bernd and Grune, Tilman and Leist, Marcel and Steinberg, Pablo}
}
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