Emotion recognition in borderline personality disorder : effects of emotional information on negative bias

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2015
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Fenske, Sabrina
Lis, Stefanie
Liebke, Lisa
Niedtfeld, Inga
Kirsch, Peter
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Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation. 2015, 2, 10. eISSN 2051-6673. Available under: doi: 10.1186/s40479-015-0031-z
Zusammenfassung

Background: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by severe deficits in social interactions, which might be linked to deficits in emotion recognition. Research on emotion recognition abilities in BPD revealed heterogeneous results, ranging from deficits to heightened sensitivity. The most stable findings point to an impairment in the evaluation of neutral facial expressions as neutral, as well as to a negative bias in emotion recognition; that is the tendency to attribute negative emotions to neutral expressions, or in a broader sense to report a more negative emotion category than depicted. However, it remains unclear which contextual factors influence the occurrence of this negative bias. Previous studies suggest that priming by preceding emotional information and also constrained processing time might augment the emotion recognition deficit in BPD.

Methods: To test these assumptions, 32 female BPD patients and 31 healthy females, matched for age and education, participated in an emotion recognition study, in which every facial expression was preceded by either a positive, neutral or negative scene. Furthermore, time constraints for processing were varied by presenting the facial expressions with short (100 ms) or long duration (up to 3000 ms) in two separate blocks.

Results: BPD patients showed a significant deficit in emotion recognition for neutral and positive facial expression, associated with a significant negative bias. In BPD patients, this emotion recognition deficit was differentially affected by preceding emotional information and time constraints, with a greater influence of emotional information during long face presentations and a greater influence of neutral information during short face presentations.

Conclusions: Our results are in line with previous findings supporting the existence of a negative bias in emotion recognition in BPD patients, and provide further insights into biased social perceptions in BPD patients.

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Fachgebiet (DDC)
150 Psychologie
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Borderline personality disorder, Emotion recognition, Affect processing, Facial affect, Social cognition, Negative bias, Emotion regulation, Context
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ISO 690FENSKE, Sabrina, Stefanie LIS, Lisa LIEBKE, Inga NIEDTFELD, Peter KIRSCH, Daniela MIER, 2015. Emotion recognition in borderline personality disorder : effects of emotional information on negative bias. In: Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation. 2015, 2, 10. eISSN 2051-6673. Available under: doi: 10.1186/s40479-015-0031-z
BibTex
@article{Fenske2015Emoti-45281,
  year={2015},
  doi={10.1186/s40479-015-0031-z},
  title={Emotion recognition in borderline personality disorder : effects of emotional information on negative bias},
  volume={2},
  journal={Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation},
  author={Fenske, Sabrina and Lis, Stefanie and Liebke, Lisa and Niedtfeld, Inga and Kirsch, Peter and Mier, Daniela},
  note={Article Number: 10}
}
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Background: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by severe deficits in social interactions, which might be linked to deficits in emotion recognition. Research on emotion recognition abilities in BPD revealed heterogeneous results, ranging from deficits to heightened sensitivity. The most stable findings point to an impairment in the evaluation of neutral facial expressions as neutral, as well as to a negative bias in emotion recognition; that is the tendency to attribute negative emotions to neutral expressions, or in a broader sense to report a more negative emotion category than depicted. However, it remains unclear which contextual factors influence the occurrence of this negative bias. Previous studies suggest that priming by preceding emotional information and also constrained processing time might augment the emotion recognition deficit in BPD.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Methods: To test these assumptions, 32 female BPD patients and 31 healthy females, matched for age and education, participated in an emotion recognition study, in which every facial expression was preceded by either a positive, neutral or negative scene. Furthermore, time constraints for processing were varied by presenting the facial expressions with short (100 ms) or long duration (up to 3000 ms) in two separate blocks.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Results: BPD patients showed a significant deficit in emotion recognition for neutral and positive facial expression, associated with a significant negative bias. In BPD patients, this emotion recognition deficit was differentially affected by preceding emotional information and time constraints, with a greater influence of emotional information during long face presentations and a greater influence of neutral information during short face presentations.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions: Our results are in line with previous findings supporting the existence of a negative bias in emotion recognition in BPD patients, and provide further insights into biased social perceptions in BPD patients.</dcterms:abstract>
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