Efficient refractive index modulation in an open access silicon photonic platform

Ashour, Mohamed

Efficient refractive index modulation in an open access silicon photonic platform

Dateien

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Datum

2021

Autor:innen

Ashour, Mohamed

URI (zitierfähiger Link)

http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-2-kqunvrr1abw75

Link zur Lizenz

Urheberrechtlich geschützt

Angaben zur Forschungsförderung

European Union (EU): 722923

Projekt

H2020 ETN Optomechanical Technologies (OMT)

Open Access-Veröffentlichung

Open Access Green

Sammlungen

Physik
Informatik und Informationswissenschaft

Publikationstyp

Dissertation

Publikationsstatus

Published

Zusammenfassung

Optical modulators are one of the critical components of integrated photon-ics. Modulators enable control of light phase through an external excitation. This excitation can take diﬀerent forms, including mechanical or electrical excitation. The maximum phaseshift, the bandwidth, power consumption as well as area footprint of the modulator are the most important key per-formance parameters of optical modulators. Bandwidth and phaseshifting eﬃciency are common to be of top priority in the telecom industry. This thesis focuses on the realization of highly eﬃcient optical modulators in a silicon photonic open access platform. The modulators discussed within this work aim at achieving speciﬁc key performance indicators for application in an optical phased antenna array. An optical phased antenna array allows for full solid state laser beam steering. Its applications cover a diverse set of solutions within mobility, smart wearables, high precision measurement and meteorology industries. Unlike modulators for the telecom industry, an optical phased antenna ar-ray does not require a high operation bandwidth. As such an array involves a large number of optical modulators. Power consumption is a critical param-eter. This is implied by ensuring a low power density to prevent unwanted thermal eﬀects. In this thesis, design and proposal as well as the experimental realization of novel concepts of integrated optical modulators is pursued. Fabrication of proposed designs is primarily done using an open access standard technol-ogy. The term open access refers to a standard industrial process, that is available to use publicly, under speciﬁc conditions, and usually for paying a considerable participation fee. However, such technologies largely ensure re-producibility and mass-producible industrially compatible designs. The work focuses on two approaches. The ﬁrst is the optomechanical modulation, and the second is the electro-optic modulation. The optomechanical modulator poses a larger fabrication challenge, due to requiring free-standing nanophotonic waveguides to function. This, in turn, requires developing a releasing process, which is heavily discussed in this work. The electro-optic modulators in this work are realized by direct fab-rication in an open access technology without further processing. In the framework of this thesis, a fundamentally novel electro-optic modulator was proposed. This is the bi-junction electro-optic modulator. This modulator implements an implant proﬁle, that is almost identical to the implant proﬁle commonly found in a bipolar junction transistor, however, implemented in an optical waveguide. The phaseshifting performance of these modulators signiﬁcantly exceeds the reported phaseshifting performance of the commonly reported lateral and interleaved modulators. Also, in some cases, the bi-junction modulators achieve lower or slightly higher optical losses. The phaseshift/optical loss ﬁgure of merits are calculated from experimental measurements. The NPN polarity of the bi-junction modulator achieves more than 200 % increase over the stander PN-lateral modulator and 8.3 % increase over the interleaved modulator. Interestingly, in this run, the losses were limited by employing a speciﬁc electrical contacts layout that added 1 dB of optical losses to the bi-junction modulators. Removal of such lossy elements can improve the performance gains to 50 % and 300 % more than interleaved and lateral modulators respectively. The bi-junction electro-optic modulator achieves these performance in-dicators under an operation bandwidth of almost 2 MHz and an electrical power consumption of less than 1 nW. These modulators are thought to be-come disruptive modulation devices for optical phased antenna arrays, which are currently a very hot topic in silicon photonics.

Fachgebiet (DDC)

530 Physik

Schlagwörter

Phaseshifter bi-junction silicon photonics optomechanical

Zitieren

ISO 690

ASHOUR, Mohamed, 2021. Efficient refractive index modulation in an open access silicon photonic platform [Dissertation]. Konstanz: University of Konstanz

BibTex

@phdthesis{Ashour2021Effic-53618,
  year={2021},
  title={Efficient refractive index modulation in an open access silicon photonic platform},
  author={Ashour, Mohamed},
  address={Konstanz},
  school={Universität Konstanz}
}

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Prüfungsdatum der Dissertation

April 12, 2021

Hochschulschriftenvermerk

Konstanz, Univ., Diss., 2021