Comparison of points of departure between subchronic and chronic toxicity studies on food additives, food contaminants and natural food constituents

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2020
Autor:innen
Guth, Sabine
Roth, Angelika
Engeli, Barbara
Lachenmeier, Dirk W.
Cartus, Alexander T.
Hüser, Stephanie
Baum, Matthias
Diel, Patrick
Zarn, Jürg
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Food and Chemical Toxicology. Elsevier. 2020, 146, 111784. ISSN 0278-6915. eISSN 1873-6351. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111784
Zusammenfassung

In the past, it was generally accepted as a default assumption that No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Levels (NOAELs) or Lowest-Observed-Adverse-Effect Levels (LOAELs) in long-term toxicity studies are lower than in short-term ones, i.e. the toxic potency increases with prolonged exposure duration. Recent studies on pesticides and industrial chemicals reported that subacute, subchronic or chronic NOAELs/LOAELs are similar when study design factors are appropriately considered. We investigated whether these findings also apply to certain food constituents. After reviewing subchronic and chronic toxicity studies on more than 100 compounds, a total of 32 compounds could be included in the analysis. Geometric mean (GM) values of subchronic vs. chronic NOAEL or LOAEL ratios ranged from 1.0 to 2.0, with a geometric standard deviation from 2.2 to 4.2, which is consistent with data reported in the literature. While for many of the investigated compounds the ratio is around 1 - suggesting that health-based guidance values could appropriately be derived from subchronic toxicity studies - our study also identified some substances with higher ratios leading to a GM of around 2. The EFSA Scientific Committee suggested to apply an uncertainty factor of 2 to extrapolate from subchronic to chronic studies and, as a precautionary approach, we concur with this suggestion.

Zusammenfassung in einer weiteren Sprache
Fachgebiet (DDC)
570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
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Subchronic toxicity studies, Chronic toxicity studies, Extrapolation factor, NOAEL, Point of departure, Food constituents
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ISO 690GUTH, Sabine, Angelika ROTH, Barbara ENGELI, Dirk W. LACHENMEIER, Alexander T. CARTUS, Stephanie HÜSER, Matthias BAUM, Patrick DIEL, Marcel LEIST, Jürg ZARN, 2020. Comparison of points of departure between subchronic and chronic toxicity studies on food additives, food contaminants and natural food constituents. In: Food and Chemical Toxicology. Elsevier. 2020, 146, 111784. ISSN 0278-6915. eISSN 1873-6351. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111784
BibTex
@article{Guth2020-09-27Compa-51205,
  year={2020},
  doi={10.1016/j.fct.2020.111784},
  title={Comparison of points of departure between subchronic and chronic toxicity studies on food additives, food contaminants and natural food constituents},
  volume={146},
  issn={0278-6915},
  journal={Food and Chemical Toxicology},
  author={Guth, Sabine and Roth, Angelika and Engeli, Barbara and Lachenmeier, Dirk W. and Cartus, Alexander T. and Hüser, Stephanie and Baum, Matthias and Diel, Patrick and Leist, Marcel and Zarn, Jürg},
  note={Article Number: 111784}
}
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