Characterizing Body Image Distortion and Bodily Self-Plasticity in Anorexia Nervosa via Visuo-Tactile Stimulation in Virtual Reality

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2019
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Provenzano, Luca
Porciello, Giuseppina
Ciccarone, Sofia
Tieri, Gaetano
Marucci, Matteo
Dazzi, Federico
Loriedo, Camillo
Bufalari, Ilaria
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Journal of clinical medicine. MDPI. 2019, 9(1), 98. eISSN 2077-0383. Available under: doi: 10.3390/jcm9010098
Zusammenfassung

We combined virtual reality and multisensory bodily illusion with the aim to characterize and reduce the perceptual (body overestimation) and the cognitive-emotional (body dissatisfaction) components of body image distortion (BID) in anorexia nervosa (AN). For each participant (20 anorexics, 20 healthy controls) we built personalized avatars that reproduced their own body size, shape, and verisimilar increases and losses of their original weight. Body overestimation and dissatisfaction were measured by asking participants to choose the avatar that best resembled their real and ideal body. Results show higher body dissatisfaction in AN, caused by the desire of a thinner body, and no body-size overestimation. Interpersonal multisensory stimulation (IMS) was then applied on the avatar reproducing participant's perceived body, and on the two avatars which reproduced increases and losses of 15% of it, all presented with a first-person perspective (1PP). Embodiment was stronger after synchronous IMS in both groups, but did not reduce BID in participants with AN. Interestingly, anorexics reported more negative emotions after embodying the fattest avatar, which scaled with symptoms severity. Overall, our findings suggest that the cognitive-emotional, more than the perceptual component of BID is severely altered in AN and that perspective (1PP vs. 3PP) from which a body is evaluated may play a crucial role. Future research and clinical trials might take advantage of virtual reality to reduce the emotional distress related to body dissatisfaction.

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Fachgebiet (DDC)
150 Psychologie
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anorexia nervosa; body image distortion; body dissatisfaction; embodiment; virtual reality; interpersonal multisensory stimulation
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ISO 690PROVENZANO, Luca, Giuseppina PORCIELLO, Sofia CICCARONE, Bigna LENGGENHAGER, Gaetano TIERI, Matteo MARUCCI, Federico DAZZI, Camillo LORIEDO, Ilaria BUFALARI, 2019. Characterizing Body Image Distortion and Bodily Self-Plasticity in Anorexia Nervosa via Visuo-Tactile Stimulation in Virtual Reality. In: Journal of clinical medicine. MDPI. 2019, 9(1), 98. eISSN 2077-0383. Available under: doi: 10.3390/jcm9010098
BibTex
@article{Provenzano2019Chara-57171,
  year={2019},
  doi={10.3390/jcm9010098},
  title={Characterizing Body Image Distortion and Bodily Self-Plasticity in Anorexia Nervosa via Visuo-Tactile Stimulation in Virtual Reality},
  number={1},
  volume={9},
  journal={Journal of clinical medicine},
  author={Provenzano, Luca and Porciello, Giuseppina and Ciccarone, Sofia and Lenggenhager, Bigna and Tieri, Gaetano and Marucci, Matteo and Dazzi, Federico and Loriedo, Camillo and Bufalari, Ilaria},
  note={Article Number: 98}
}
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