"Smile"-gap in the density of states of a cavity between superconductors

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The density of Andreev levels in a normal metal (N) in contact with two superconductors (S) is known to exhibit an induced minigap related to the inverse dwell time. We predict a small secondary gap just below the superconducting gap edge - a feature that has been overlooked so far in numerous studies of the density of states in SNS structures. In a generic structure with N being a chaotic cavity, the secondary gap is the widest at zero phase bias. It closes at some finite phase bias, forming the shape of a "smile". Asymmetric couplings give even richer gap structures near the phase difference π. All the features found should be amendable to experimental detection in high-resolution low-temperature tunneling spectroscopy.

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ISO 690REUTLINGER, Johannes, Leonid I. GLAZMAN, Yuli V. NAZAROV, Wolfgang BELZIG, 2013. "Smile"-gap in the density of states of a cavity between superconductors
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@unpublished{Reutlinger2013Smile-24554,
  year={2013},
  title={"Smile"-gap in the density of states of a cavity between superconductors},
  author={Reutlinger, Johannes and Glazman, Leonid I. and Nazarov, Yuli V. and Belzig, Wolfgang}
}
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