@article{Giannakopoulos2009Party-11639,
  year={2009},
  title={Party Financing in Germany and Japan : Comparative Perspectives on Political Corruption},
  number={3},
  volume={9},
  journal={Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies},
  author={Giannakopoulos, Angelos and Maras, Konstadinos and Amano, Shinya},
  note={Article Number: 4}
}

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    <dcterms:bibliographicCitation>First publ. in: Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies ; 9 (2009), 3. - No. 4</dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
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    <dc:creator>Maras, Konstadinos</dc:creator>
    <dc:contributor>Amano, Shinya</dc:contributor>
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    <dc:creator>Amano, Shinya</dc:creator>
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    <dc:creator>Giannakopoulos, Angelos</dc:creator>
    <dcterms:title>Party Financing in Germany and Japan : Comparative Perspectives on Political Corruption</dcterms:title>
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    <dc:contributor>Giannakopoulos, Angelos</dc:contributor>
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">In the international anti-corruption discourse, and within the international community, the general attitude as to whether a country is democratic is if anti-corruption standards are high and corruption a marginal phenomenon. Nevertheless, corruption is also an effect of modernity and is considered to be an effect of a failed state or a society with weak institutions. However, since the work of Samuel Eisenstadt we are sensitivee to the diversity of pathways to modernity. Considering this, the question that immediately arises is: why does corruption still exist in modern states like the USA, Germany or Japan if it really is only a prerequisite of the passage to modernity? The question itself provides us with an answer: Modern states are in transition too and corruption is one vehicle by which it takes part in this process. According to our understanding corruption functions both as an elevator (structural corruption) for parvenus from the petty bourgeoisie, but can also take the form of a closed circle of exclusive people of the haute vollée. In the former, corruption is an instrument to gain social capital, while in the latter it is to secure access to social chances and social capital.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Against this background this article investigates the pathways to modernity in Germany and Japan by examining the cultural preconditions of political corruption in both countries. By doing so, we focus on major political scandals related to the legal framework for party financing. We assume that not only systemic imperatives and socio-political scope conditions, but also mentality-related perceptions as well as action- and value-orientations can have a structuring impact when it comes to corrupt conduct in politics.</dcterms:abstract>
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