Balancing competitiveness and conditionality : environmental policymaking in low-regulating countries
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This article scrutinizes the effects of economic competition on environmental standard levels in low-regulating states that intensify their economic interlinkage with high-regulating countries. In doing so, it pursues two objectives. First, we provide a detailed empirical account of the impact of economic integration on the development of environmental standards in Hungary and Mexico. Second, we offer a theoretical argument in order to explain why low-regulating countries avoid problems of remaining stuck at the bottom , although regulatory competition is effective. We argue that missing races to the bottom or stuck at the bottom effects in low-regulating countries are the result of conditionality pressures exerted by high-regulating countries. At the same time, however, low-regulating countries attempt to preserve their comparative advantage through the back door by cultivating a lax enforcement practice.
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KNILL, Christoph, Jale TOSUN, Stephan HEICHEL, 2008. Balancing competitiveness and conditionality : environmental policymaking in low-regulating countries. In: Journal of European Public Policy. 2008, 15(7), pp. 1019-1040. Available under: doi: 10.1080/13501760802310512BibTex
@article{Knill2008Balan-4059, year={2008}, doi={10.1080/13501760802310512}, title={Balancing competitiveness and conditionality : environmental policymaking in low-regulating countries}, number={7}, volume={15}, journal={Journal of European Public Policy}, pages={1019--1040}, author={Knill, Christoph and Tosun, Jale and Heichel, Stephan} }
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