Gerlach, D. A., Schopen, K., Linz, P., Johannes, B., Titze, J., Zange, J. and Rittweger, J. (2017). Atrophy of calf muscles by unloading results in an increase of tissue sodium concentration and fat fraction decrease: a Na-23 MRI physiology study. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 117 (8). S. 1585 - 1596. NEW YORK: SPRINGER. ISSN 1439-6327

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Abstract

Purpose Na-23 MRI demonstrated increased tissue sodium concentrations in a number of pathologies. Acute atrophy results in muscle fibre volume shrinking that may result in a relative increase of extracellular volume and might affect sodium concentration. Thus, we hypothesized that local unloading of the calf muscles would lead to a decrease in muscle volume and an increase in muscle tissue sodium concentration. Method One lower leg of 12 healthy male subjects was submitted to a 60 day long period of unloading using the Hephaistos orthosis, while the other leg served as control. Na-23 MRI and 2D PD-weighted Dixon turbo spin echo were obtained from the control and orthosis leg using a 3T scanner. For quantification, a sodium reference phantom was used with 10, 20, 30, and 40 mmol/L NaCl solution. Result Tissue sodium concentration (TSC) increased as an effect of unloading in the orthosis leg. Relative increases were 17.4 +/- 16.8% (P = 0.005) in gastrocnemius medialis muscle, 11.1 +/- 12.5 (P = 0.037) in gastrocnemius lateralis muscle, 16.2 +/- 4.7% (P < 0.001) in soleus muscle, 10.0 +/- 10.5% (P = 0.009) in the ventral muscle group, and 10.7 +/- 10.0% (P = 0.003) in the central muscle group, respectively. TSC in the control leg did not significantly change. In the orthosis leg, muscle volume decreased as follows: medial gastrocnemius muscle: -5.4 +/- 8.3% (P = 0.043) and soleus muscle: -7.8 +/- 15.0% (P = 0.043). Conclusion Unloading atrophy is associated with an increase in muscle sodium concentration. Na-23 MRI is capable of detecting these rather small changes.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Gerlach, D. A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schopen, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Linz, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Johannes, B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Titze, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Zange, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rittweger, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-222755
DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3647-4
Journal or Publication Title: Eur. J. Appl. Physiol.
Volume: 117
Number: 8
Page Range: S. 1585 - 1596
Date: 2017
Publisher: SPRINGER
Place of Publication: NEW YORK
ISSN: 1439-6327
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; RELAXATION-TIMES; BED REST; IN-VIVO; 3 TESLA; CARTILAGE; EXERCISE; NMRMultiple languages
Physiology; Sport SciencesMultiple languages
Refereed: Yes
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/22275

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