Auliya, Mark, Altherr, Sandra, Ariano-Sanchez, Daniel ORCID: 0000-0003-4955-5018, Baard, Ernst H., Brown, Carl, Brown, Rafe M., Cantu, Juan-Carlos, Gentile, Gabriele ORCID: 0000-0002-1045-6816, Gildenhuys, Paul, Henningheim, Evert, Hintzmann, Juergen, Kanari, Kahoru, Krvavac, Milivoje, Lettink, Marieke, Lippert, Joerg, Luiselli, Luca, Nilson, Goran, Nijman, Vincent, Parham, James F., Pasachnik, Stesha A., Pedrono, Miguel, Rauhaus, Anna, Cordova, Danny Rueda, Sanchez, Maria-Elena, Schepp, Ulrich, van Schingen, Mona, Schneeweiss, Norbert, Segniagbeto, Gabriel H., Somaweera, Ruchira ORCID: 0000-0002-7470-8736, Sy, Emerson Y., Turkozan, Oguz ORCID: 0000-0001-6889-7908, Vinke, Sabine, Vinke, Thomas, Vyas, Raju, Williamson, Stuart and Ziegler, Thomas (2016). Trade in live reptiles, its impact on wild populations, and the role of the European market. Biol. Conserv., 204. S. 103 - 120. OXFORD: ELSEVIER SCI LTD. ISSN 1873-2917

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Abstract

Of the 10,272 currently recognized reptile species, the trade of fewer than 8% are regulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) and the European Wildlife Trade Regulations (EWTR). However, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List has assessed 45% of the world's reptile species and determined that at least 1390 species are threatened by biological resource use. Of these, 355 species are intentionally targeted by collectors, including 194 non-CITES-listed species. Herein we review the global reptile pet trade, its impacts, and its contribution to the over-harvesting of species and populations, in light of current international law. Findings are based on an examination of relevant professional observations, online sources, and literature (e.g., applicable policies, taxonomy [reptile database], trade statistics [EUROSTAT], and conservation status [IUCN Red List]). Case studies are presented from the following countries and regions: Australia, Central America, China, Galapagos Islands (Ecuador), Germany, Europe, India, Indonesia (Kalimantan), Islamic Republic of Iran, Japan, Madagascar, Mexico, New Zealand, the Philippines, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Western Africa, and Western Asia. The European Union (EU) plays a major role in reptile trade. Between 2004 and 2014 (the period under study), the EU member states officially reported the import of 20,788,747 live reptiles. This review suggests that illegal trade activities involve species regulated under CITES, as well as species that are not CITES-regulated but nationally protected in their country of origin and often openly offered for sale in the EU. Further, these case studies demonstrate that regulations and enforcement in several countries are inadequate to prevent the overexploitation of species and to halt illegal trade activities. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Auliya, MarkUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Altherr, SandraUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ariano-Sanchez, DanielUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-4955-5018UNSPECIFIED
Baard, Ernst H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Brown, CarlUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Brown, Rafe M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cantu, Juan-CarlosUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gentile, GabrieleUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-1045-6816UNSPECIFIED
Gildenhuys, PaulUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Henningheim, EvertUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hintzmann, JuergenUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kanari, KahoruUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Krvavac, MilivojeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lettink, MariekeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lippert, JoergUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Luiselli, LucaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nilson, GoranUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nijman, VincentUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Parham, James F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pasachnik, Stesha A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pedrono, MiguelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rauhaus, AnnaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cordova, Danny RuedaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sanchez, Maria-ElenaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schepp, UlrichUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
van Schingen, MonaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schneeweiss, NorbertUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Segniagbeto, Gabriel H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Somaweera, RuchiraUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-7470-8736UNSPECIFIED
Sy, Emerson Y.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Turkozan, OguzUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-6889-7908UNSPECIFIED
Vinke, SabineUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Vinke, ThomasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Vyas, RajuUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Williamson, StuartUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ziegler, ThomasUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-254659
DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.017
Journal or Publication Title: Biol. Conserv.
Volume: 204
Page Range: S. 103 - 120
Date: 2016
Publisher: ELSEVIER SCI LTD
Place of Publication: OXFORD
ISSN: 1873-2917
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
INTERNATIONAL-TRADE; CONSERVATION STATUS; TAXONOMIC REVISION; GLOBAL TRADE; SIEBENROCKIELLA-LEYTENSIS; GONIUROSAURUS SQUAMATA; BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; ILLEGAL TRADE; 1ST RECORD; SRI-LANKAMultiple languages
Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental SciencesMultiple languages
Refereed: Yes
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/25465

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