Universität zu Köln

Nowack, Eva C. M., Price, Dana C., Bhattacharya, Debashish, Singer, Anna, Melkonian, Michael and Grossman, Arthur R. (2016). Gene transfers from diverse bacteria compensate for reductive genome evolution in the chromatophore of Paulinella chromatophora. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 113 (43). S. 12214 - 12220. WASHINGTON: NATL ACAD SCIENCES. ISSN 0027-8424

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Abstract

Plastids, the photosynthetic organelles, originated >1 billion y ago via the endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium. The resulting proliferation of primary producers fundamentally changed global ecology. Endosymbiotic gene transfer (EGT) from the intracellular cyanobacterium to the nucleus is widely recognized as a critical factor in the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotes. The contribution of horizontal gene transfers (HGTs) from other bacteria to plastid establishment remains more controversial. A novel perspective on this issue is provided by the amoeba Paulinella chromatophora, which contains photosynthetic organelles (chromatophores) that are only 60-200 million years old. Chromatophore genome reduction entailed the loss of many biosynthetic pathways including those for numerous amino acids and cofactors. How the host cell compensates for these losses remains unknown, because the presence of bacteria in all available P. chromatophora cultures excluded elucidation of the full metabolic capacity and occurrence of HGT in this species. Here we generated a high-quality transcriptome and draft genome assembly from the first bacteria-free P. chromatophora culture to deduce rules that govern organelle integration into cellular metabolism. Our analyses revealed that nuclear and chromatophore gene inventories provide highly complementary functions. At least 229 nuclear genes were acquired via HGT from various bacteria, of which only 25% putatively arose through EGT from the chromatophore genome. Many HGT-derived bacterial genes encode proteins that fill gaps in critical chromatophore pathways/processes. Our results demonstrate a dominant role for HGT in compensating for organelle genome reduction and suggest that phagotrophy may be a major driver of HGT.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Nowack, Eva C. M. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Price, Dana C. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bhattacharya, Debashish UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Singer, Anna UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Melkonian, Michael UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Grossman, Arthur R. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-258187
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.1608016113
Journal or Publication Title:	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
Volume:	113
Number:	43
Page Range:	S. 12214 - 12220
Date:	2016
Publisher:	NATL ACAD SCIENCES
Place of Publication:	WASHINGTON
ISSN:	0027-8424
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; OXYGENIC PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PLASTID ENDOSYMBIOSIS; EUKARYOTES; DATABASE; PROTEIN; ORIGIN; TOOLS; ACQUISITION; PHYLOGENIES Multiple languages Multidisciplinary Sciences Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/25818