Universität zu Köln

Van Dessel, Pieter ORCID: 0000-0002-3401-780X, De Houwer, Jan, Roets, Arne ORCID: 0000-0001-5814-1189 and Gast, Anne ORCID: 0000-0001-5224-2448 (2016). Failures to Change Stimulus Evaluations by Means of Subliminal Approach and Avoidance Training. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol., 110 (1). S. E1 - 15. WASHINGTON: AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC. ISSN 1939-1315

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Abstract

Previous research suggests that the repeated performance of approach and avoidance (AA) actions in response to a stimulus causes changes in stimulus evaluations. Kawakami, Phills, Steele, and Dovidio (2007) and Jones, Vilensky, Vasey, and Fazio (2013) provided evidence that these AA training effects occur even when stimuli are presented only subliminally. We also examined whether reliable AA training effects can be observed with subliminal stimulus presentations but added more sensitive checks of perceptual stimulus discriminability. Three experiments, including a direct replication of the study by Kawakami et al. (2007), failed to provide any evidence for effects of subliminal AA training on implicit or explicit evaluations. Bayesian analyses indicated that our data provide robust evidence that subliminal AA training does not cause changes in evaluations. In contrast, we observed changes in evaluations when participants were provided with (either correct or incorrect) information about the stimulus-action contingencies in the subliminal AA training task and when participants performed a supraliminal AA training task that allowed participants to detect these contingencies. These findings support the idea that contingency awareness is necessary for the occurrence of AA training effects.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Van Dessel, Pieter UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-3401-780X UNSPECIFIED De Houwer, Jan UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Roets, Arne UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-5814-1189 UNSPECIFIED Gast, Anne UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-5224-2448 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-291908
DOI:	10.1037/pspa0000039
Journal or Publication Title:	J. Pers. Soc. Psychol.
Volume:	110
Number:	1
Page Range:	S. E1 - 15
Date:	2016
Publisher:	AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
Place of Publication:	WASHINGTON
ISSN:	1939-1315
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Human Sciences Faculty of Management, Economy and Social Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Human Sciences > Department Psychologie Center of Excellence C-SEB
Subjects:	Psychology
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language IMPLICIT ASSOCIATION TEST; VISUAL WORD RECOGNITION; ATTITUDE ACCESSIBILITY; CONTINGENCY; ATTENTION; AWARENESS; MEMORY; MODEL; FACILITATION; METAANALYSIS Multiple languages Psychology, Social Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/29190