Lam, Kristine W. F., Korth, Judith ORCID: 0000-0002-0076-6239, Masuda, Kento ORCID: 0000-0003-1298-9699, Csizmadia, Szilard, Eigmueller, Philipp, Kari Stefansson, Gumundur, Endl, Michael, Albrecht, Simon, Robertson, Paul ORCID: 0000-0003-0149-9678, Luque, Rafael, Livingston, John H., Hirano, Teruyuki, Alonso Sobrino, Roi, Barragan, Oscar ORCID: 0000-0003-0563-0493, Cabrera, Juan ORCID: 0000-0001-6653-5487, Carleo, Ilaria, Chaushev, Alexander, Cochran, William D., Dai, Fei, de Leon, Jerome, Deeg, Hans J., Erikson, Anders, Esposito, Massimiliano, Fridlund, Malcolm, Fukui, Akihiko, Gandolfi, Davide, Georgieva, Iskra, Gonzalez Cuesta, Luca, Grziwa, Sascha, Guenther, Eike W., Hatzes, Artie P., Hidalgo, Diego, Hjorth, Maria, Kabath, Petr, Knudstrup, Emil ORCID: 0000-0001-7880-594X, Lund, Mikkel N., Mahadevan, Suvrath, Mathur, Savita ORCID: 0000-0002-0129-0316, Montanes Rodriguez, Pilar, Murgas, Felipe, Narita, Norio, Nespral, David, Niraula, Prajwal, Palle, Enric, Paetzold, Martin, Persson, Carina M., Prieto-Arranz, Jorge, Rauer, Heike, Redfield, Seth, Ribas, Ignasi ORCID: 0000-0002-6689-0312, Skarka, Marek ORCID: 0000-0002-7602-0046, Smith, Alexis M. S., Subjak, Jan and Van Eylen, Vincent ORCID: 0000-0001-5542-8870 (2020). It Takes Two Planets in Resonance to Tango around K2-146. Astron. J., 159 (3). BRISTOL: IOP PUBLISHING LTD. ISSN 1538-3881

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Abstract

K2-146 is a cool, 0.358M dwarf that was found to host a mini-Neptune with a 2.67 day period. The planet exhibited strong transit timing variations (TTVs) of greater than 30 minutes, indicative of the presence of an additional object in the system. Here we report the discovery of the previously undetected outer planet in the system, K2-146 c, using additional photometric data. K2-146 c was found to have a grazing transit geometry and a 3.97 day period. The outer planet was only significantly detected in the latter K2 campaigns presumably because of precession of its orbital plane. The TTVs of K2-146 b and c were measured using observations spanning a baseline of almost 1200 days. We found strong anti -correlation in the TTVs, suggesting the two planets are gravitationally interacting. Our TTV and transit model analyses revealed that K2-146 b has a radius of 2.25 0.10 Re and a mass of 5.6 0.7 Me, whereas K2-146 c has a radius of 2.591 Re and a mass of 7.1 0.9 Me. The inner and outer planets likely have moderate eccentricities of e = 0.14 0.07 and 0.16 0.07, respectively. Long-term numerical integrations of the two -planet orbital solution show that it can be dynamically stable for at least 2 Myr. We show that the resonance angles of the planet pair are librating, which may be an indication that K2-146 b and c are in a 3:2 mean motion resonance. The orbital architecture of the system points to a possible convergent migration origin.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Lam, Kristine W. F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Korth, JudithUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-0076-6239UNSPECIFIED
Masuda, KentoUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-1298-9699UNSPECIFIED
Csizmadia, SzilardUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Eigmueller, PhilippUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kari Stefansson, GumundurUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Endl, MichaelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Albrecht, SimonUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Robertson, PaulUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-0149-9678UNSPECIFIED
Luque, RafaelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Livingston, John H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hirano, TeruyukiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Alonso Sobrino, RoiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Barragan, OscarUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-0563-0493UNSPECIFIED
Cabrera, JuanUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-6653-5487UNSPECIFIED
Carleo, IlariaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Chaushev, AlexanderUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cochran, William D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dai, FeiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
de Leon, JeromeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Deeg, Hans J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Erikson, AndersUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Esposito, MassimilianoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fridlund, MalcolmUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fukui, AkihikoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gandolfi, DavideUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Georgieva, IskraUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gonzalez Cuesta, LucaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Grziwa, SaschaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Guenther, Eike W.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hatzes, Artie P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hidalgo, DiegoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hjorth, MariaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kabath, PetrUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Knudstrup, EmilUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-7880-594XUNSPECIFIED
Lund, Mikkel N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mahadevan, SuvrathUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mathur, SavitaUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-0129-0316UNSPECIFIED
Montanes Rodriguez, PilarUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Murgas, FelipeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Narita, NorioUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nespral, DavidUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Niraula, PrajwalUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Palle, EnricUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Paetzold, MartinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Persson, Carina M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Prieto-Arranz, JorgeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rauer, HeikeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Redfield, SethUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ribas, IgnasiUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-6689-0312UNSPECIFIED
Skarka, MarekUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-7602-0046UNSPECIFIED
Smith, Alexis M. S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Subjak, JanUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Van Eylen, VincentUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-5542-8870UNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-342624
DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab66c9
Journal or Publication Title: Astron. J.
Volume: 159
Number: 3
Date: 2020
Publisher: IOP PUBLISHING LTD
Place of Publication: BRISTOL
ISSN: 1538-3881
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
SUPER-EARTHS; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; MASS; SYSTEMS; PHOTOMETRY; ALGORITHM; MIGRATION; DYNAMICS; CURVESMultiple languages
Astronomy & AstrophysicsMultiple languages
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/34262

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