Arridge, C. S., Achilleos, N., Agarwal, J., Agnor, C. B., Ambrosi, R., Andre, N., Badman, S. V., Baines, K., Banfield, D., Barthelemy, M., Bisi, M. M., Blum, J., Bocanegra-Bahamon, T., Bonfond, B. ., Bracken, C., Brandt, P., Briand, C., Briois, C., Brooks, S., Castillo-Rogez, J., Cavalie, T., Christophe, B., Coates, A. J., Collinson, G., Cooper, J. F., Costa-Sitja, M., Courtin, R., Daglis, I. A., De Pater, I., Desai, M., Dirkx, D., Dougherty, M. K., Ebert, R. W., Filacchione, G., Fletcher, L. N., Fortney, J., Gerth, I., Grassi, D., Grodent, D., Grun, E., Gustin, J., Hedman, M., Helled, R., Henri, P., Hess, S., Hillier, J. K., Hofstadter, M. H., Holme, R., Horanyi, M., Hospodarsky, G., Hsu, S., Irwin, P., Jackman, C. M., Karatekin, O., Kempf, S., Khalisi, E., Konstantinidis, K., Kruger, H., Kurth, W. S., Labrianidis, C., Lainey, V., Lamy, L. L., Laneuville, M., Lucchesi, D., Luntzer, A., MacArthur, J., Maier, A., Masters, A., McKenna-Lawlor, S., Melin, H., Milillo, A., Moragas-Klostermeyer, G., Morschhauser, A., Moses, J. I., Mousis, O., Nettelmann, N., Neubauer, F. M., Nordheim, T., Noyelles, B., Orton, G. S., Owens, M., Peron, R., Plainaki, C., Postberg, F., Rambaux, N., Retherford, K., Reynaud, S., Roussos, E., Russell, C. T., Rymer, Am., Sallantin, R., Sanchez-Lavega, A., Santolik, O., Saur, J., Sayanagi, Km., Schenk, P., Schubert, J., Sergis, N., Sittler, E. C., Smith, A., Spahn, F., Srama, R., Stallard, T., Sterken, V., Sternovsky, Z., Tiscareno, M., Tobie, G., Tosi, F., Trieloff, M., Turrini, D., Turtle, E. P., Vinatier, S., Wilson, R. and Zarkat, P. (2014). The science case for an orbital mission to Uranus: Exploring the origins and evolution of ice giant planets. Planet Space Sci., 104. S. 122 - 141. OXFORD: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. ISSN 0032-0633

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Abstract

Giant planets helped to shape the conditions we see in the Solar System today and they account for more than 99% of the mass of the Sun's planetary system. They can be subdivided into the Ice Giants (Uranus and Neptune) and the Gas Giants (Jupiter and Saturn), which differ from each other in a number of fundamental ways. Uranus, in particular is the most challenging to our understanding of planetary formation and evolution, with its large obliquity, low self-luminosity, highly asymmetrical internal field, and puzzling internal structure. Uranus also has a rich planetary system consisting of a system of inner natural satellites and complex ring system, five major natural icy satellites, a system of irregular moons with varied dynamical histories, and a highly asymmetrical magnetosphere. Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to have explored Uranus, with a flyby in 1986, and no mission is currently planned to this enigmatic system. However, a mission to the uranian system would open a new window on the origin and evolution of the Solar System and would provide crucial information on a wide variety of physicochemical processes in our Solar System. These have clear implications for understanding exoplanetary systems. In this paper we describe the science case for an orbital mission to Uranus with an atmospheric entry probe to sample the composition and atmospheric physics in Uranus' atmosphere. The characteristics of such an orbiter and a strawman scientific payload are described and we discuss the technical challenges for such a mission. This paper is based on a white paper submitted to the European Space Agency's call for science themes for its large-class mission programme in 2013. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Arridge, C. S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Achilleos, N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Agarwal, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Agnor, C. B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ambrosi, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Andre, N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Badman, S. V.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Baines, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Banfield, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Barthelemy, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bisi, M. M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Blum, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bocanegra-Bahamon, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bonfond, B. .UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bracken, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Brandt, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Briand, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Briois, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Brooks, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Castillo-Rogez, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cavalie, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Christophe, B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Coates, A. J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Collinson, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cooper, J. F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Costa-Sitja, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Courtin, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Daglis, I. A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
De Pater, I.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Desai, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dirkx, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dougherty, M. K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ebert, R. W.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Filacchione, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fletcher, L. N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fortney, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gerth, I.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Grassi, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Grodent, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Grun, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gustin, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hedman, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Helled, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Henri, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hess, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hillier, J. K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hofstadter, M. H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Holme, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Horanyi, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hospodarsky, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hsu, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Irwin, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jackman, C. M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Karatekin, O.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kempf, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Khalisi, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Konstantinidis, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kruger, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kurth, W. S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Labrianidis, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lainey, V.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lamy, L. L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Laneuville, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lucchesi, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Luntzer, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
MacArthur, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Maier, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Masters, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
McKenna-Lawlor, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Melin, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Milillo, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Moragas-Klostermeyer, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Morschhauser, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Moses, J. I.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mousis, O.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nettelmann, N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Neubauer, F. M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nordheim, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Noyelles, B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Orton, G. S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Owens, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Peron, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Plainaki, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Postberg, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rambaux, N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Retherford, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Reynaud, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Roussos, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Russell, C. T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rymer, Am.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sallantin, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sanchez-Lavega, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Santolik, O.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Saur, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sayanagi, Km.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schenk, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schubert, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sergis, N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sittler, E. C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Smith, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Spahn, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Srama, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Stallard, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sterken, V.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Sternovsky, Z.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tiscareno, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tobie, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tosi, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Trieloff, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Turrini, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Turtle, E. P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Vinatier, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wilson, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Zarkat, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-422811
DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2014.08.009
Journal or Publication Title: Planet Space Sci.
Volume: 104
Page Range: S. 122 - 141
Date: 2014
Publisher: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Place of Publication: OXFORD
ISSN: 0032-0633
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
IRREGULAR SATELLITES SYCORAX; URANIAN SATELLITES; SUBSURFACE OCEANS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; RINGS; MAGNETOSPHERE; NEPTUNE; IONOSPHERE; DYNAMICS; MIRANDAMultiple languages
Astronomy & AstrophysicsMultiple languages
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/42281

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