Ziegler, Mirjam, Kaiser, Anna, Igel, Christine, Geissler, Julia, Mechler, Konstantin, Holz, Nathalie E., Becker, Katja ORCID: 0000-0003-4858-5127, Doepfner, Manfred, Romanos, Marcel, Brandeis, Daniel, Hohmann, Sarah, Millenet, Sabina and Banaschewski, Tobias ORCID: 0000-0003-4595-1144 (2021). Actigraphy-Derived Sleep Profiles of Children with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) over Two Weeks-Comparison, Precursor Symptoms, and the Chronotype. Brain Sci., 11 (12). BASEL: MDPI. ISSN 2076-3425

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Abstract

Although sleep problems are common in children with ADHD, their extent, preceding risk factors, and the association between neurocognitive performance and neurobiological processes in sleep and ADHD, are still largely unknown. We examined sleep variables in school-aged children with ADHD, addressing their intra-individual variability (IIV) and considering potential precursor symptoms as well as the chronotype. Additionally, in a subgroup of our sample, we investigated associations with neurobehavioral functioning (n = 44). A total of 57 children (6-12 years) with (n = 24) and without ADHD (n = 33) were recruited in one center of the large ESCAlife study to wear actigraphs for two weeks. Actigraphy-derived dependent variables, including IIV, were analyzed using linear mixed models in order to find differences between the groups. A stepwise regression model was used to investigate neuropsychological function. Overall, children with ADHD showed longer sleep onset latency (SOL), higher IIV in SOL, more movements during sleep, lower sleep efficiency, and a slightly larger sleep deficit on school days compared with free days. No group differences were observed for chronotype or sleep onset time. Sleep problems in infancy predicted later SOL and the total number of movements during sleep in children with and without ADHD. No additional effect of sleep problems, beyond ADHD symptom severity, on neuropsychological functioning was found. This study highlights the importance of screening children with ADHD for current and early childhood sleep disturbances in order to prevent long-term sleep problems and offer individualized treatments. Future studies with larger sample sizes should examine possible biological markers to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Ziegler, MirjamUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kaiser, AnnaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Igel, ChristineUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Geissler, JuliaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mechler, KonstantinUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Holz, Nathalie E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Becker, KatjaUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-4858-5127UNSPECIFIED
Doepfner, ManfredUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Romanos, MarcelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Brandeis, DanielUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hohmann, SarahUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Millenet, SabinaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Banaschewski, TobiasUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-4595-1144UNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-600483
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11121564
Journal or Publication Title: Brain Sci.
Volume: 11
Number: 12
Date: 2021
Publisher: MDPI
Place of Publication: BASEL
ISSN: 2076-3425
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; MOTOR-ACTIVITY; AGE; METHYLPHENIDATE; EEG; RESTRICTION; PATTERNS; INFANCY; DISTURBANCESMultiple languages
NeurosciencesMultiple languages
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/60048

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