Kornher, Lukas: Food price volatility: the role of stocks and trade. - Bonn, 2015. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-41216
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/6263,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-41216,
author = {{Lukas Kornher}},
title = {Food price volatility: the role of stocks and trade},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2015,
month = oct,

note = {After a period of relatively low international food price volatility since the 1970s, prices spiked in 2007/2008 and 2011. These international price changes transmitted to domestic markets where they generate extra volatility. This volatility adversely impacts on welfare of consumers and producers, while price spikes are a major threat to national food security. This study examines drivers of grain price instability in developing countries and discusses the role of stocks and trade to stabilize prices and consumption levels.
Multiple determinants of food price volatility are identified in this work using a panel of more than 70 developing countries. The econometric approach chosen accounts for volatility clusters and potential endogeneity of explanatory variables. The estimation shows a large spill-over of international price volatility into domestic food markets, in particular for importing countries, with a short-run elasticity between 0.26 and 0.44. In relative terms, stocks and regional trade integration contribute most to price stabilization. In numbers, an increase in the stock-to-use ratio or the share of regional trade by one percentage point diminishes variability by 2.5 percent and 0.8 percent, respectively. Export restrictions, so called insulation policies, significantly reduce volatility for non-importers by about four percent when export quantities are 10 percentage points lower. In contrast, markets in countries that run extensive public price stabilization programs are not found to be associated with lower price instability.
In Ghana, food prices of locally produced staples exhibit strong seasonality, up to an intra-annual price spread of 60 percent, owed to limited storage. Primary data collected from wholesale traders reveals seasonal fluctuations in stock levels and suggests that traders hold a significant share of total stocks, especially towards the end of the marketing year. In addition to that, traders are found to have distinct storage strategies. Some traders only store to resell in bulk or carry working stocks to supply costumers, while a group of traders speculates for seasonal price increases.
Finally, based on a theoretical model to define stocking norms, costs and benefits from storage cooperation are assessed. The empirical application to West Africa reveals great potentials of cooperation emerging from the imperfect correlation of production quantities among these countries. Accordingly, regional stocks under cooperation in an emergency reserve can be up to 60 percent less than without cooperation. Limited intraregional trade reduces the need for stock releases significantly. Full trade integration would diminish regional consumption variability to 3.4 percent without storage, but is not effective in dampening severe supply shortfalls. Cooperation in a stabilization reserve has only limited impact on consumption stability, and thus storage cooperation should be restricted to an emergency reserve.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6263}
}

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