@article{Lenz2023Conce-58686,
  year={2023},
  doi={10.1093/jopart/muac038},
  title={Conceptualizing and explaining flexibility in administrative crisis management : a cross-district analysis in Germany},
  number={3},
  volume={33},
  issn={1053-1858},
  journal={Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
  pages={485--497},
  author={Lenz, Alexa and Eckhard, Steffen}
}

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    <dcterms:title>Conceptualizing and explaining flexibility in administrative crisis management : a cross-district analysis in Germany</dcterms:title>
    <dc:creator>Lenz, Alexa</dc:creator>
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Flexibility in administrative crisis management is a frequently reported determinant for a successful crisis response. But there is little agreement about how to conceptualize, measure and explain flexibility. We use a three-dimensional measure of administrative flexibility, capturing employees’ decision leeway, staff mobility, and organizational innovation in a crisis response. We then develop and test an explanation of variation in flexibility, focusing on the refugee crisis of 2015/16 in Germany and analyzing survey and socio-economic data from 235 districts using linear regression analysis. The main finding is that differences in flexibility cannot be explained by the scope of the crisis in a district, but by organizational factors: Agencies with politically unconstrained leadership, with higher financial resources and more crisis-related experience, respond more flexible. These findings contribute to theorizing and explaining administrative flexibility in and beyond crisis management and have practical implications for crisis learning and preparation.</dcterms:abstract>
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