Universität zu Köln

Bollmann, Lars, Koser, David E., Shahapure, Rajesh, Gautier, Helene O. B., Holzapfel, Gerhard A., Scarcelli, Giuliano, Gather, Malte C. ORCID: 0000-0002-4857-5562, Ulbricht, Elke and Franze, Kristian ORCID: 0000-0002-8425-7297 (2015). Microglia mechanics: immune activation alters traction forces and durotaxis. Front. Cell. Neurosci., 9. LAUSANNE: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. ISSN 1662-5102

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Abstract

Microglial cells are key players in the primary immune response of the central nervous system. They are highly active and motile cells that chemically and mechanically interact with their environment. While the impact of chemical signaling on microglia function has been studied in much detail, the current understanding of mechanical signaling is very limited. When cultured on compliant substrates, primary microglial cells adapted their spread area, morphology, and actin cytoskeleton to the stiffness of their environment. Traction force microscopy revealed that forces exerted by microglia increase with substrate stiffness until reaching a plateau at a shear modulus of similar to 5 kPa. When cultured on substrates incorporating stiffness gradients, microglia preferentially migrated toward stiffer regions, a process termed durotaxis. Lipopolysaccharide-induced immune activation of microglia led to changes in traction forces, increased migration velocities and an amplification of durotaxis. We finally developed a mathematical model connecting traction forces with the durotactic behavior of migrating microglial cells. Our results demonstrate that microglia are susceptible to mechanical signals, which could be important during central nervous system development and pathologies. Stiffness gradients in tissue surrounding neural implants such as electrodes, for example, could mechanically attract microglial cells, thus facilitating foreign body reactions detrimental to electrode functioning.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Bollmann, Lars UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Koser, David E. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Shahapure, Rajesh UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Gautier, Helene O. B. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Holzapfel, Gerhard A. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Scarcelli, Giuliano UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Gather, Malte C. UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-4857-5562 UNSPECIFIED Ulbricht, Elke UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Franze, Kristian UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-8425-7297 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-392722
DOI:	10.3389/fncel.2015.00363
Journal or Publication Title:	Front. Cell. Neurosci.
Volume:	9
Date:	2015
Publisher:	FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
Place of Publication:	LAUSANNE
ISSN:	1662-5102
Language:	English
Faculty:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Chemistry > Institute of Physical Chemistry
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language SUBSTRATE STIFFNESS; BRAIN STIFFNESS; FOCAL ADHESIONS; RIGIDITY; SOFT; MIGRATION; DEPENDS; GROWTH; TISSUE; CELLS Multiple languages Neurosciences Multiple languages
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/39272